What action does Escitalopram (Lexapro) primarily perform?

Escitalopram, marketed as Lexapro, primarily functions as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). This means its main action is to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin from the synaptic cleft in the central nervous system. By blocking the serotonin transporters responsible for reabsorbing serotonin after it has been released into the synaptic cleft, Escitalopram effectively increases the availability of serotonin for receptor binding. This mechanism helps improve mood and relieve symptoms of depression and anxiety, which are associated with neurotransmitter imbalances.

In contrast to other options, enhancing norepinephrine secretion or inhibiting dopamine production does not align with the pharmacological profile of Escitalopram. Additionally, increasing serotonin breakdown is not a mechanism of action; rather, the drug serves to maintain higher serotonin levels in the synaptic space by preventing its reuptake.