What distinguishes Coxibs from traditional NSAIDs?

Coxibs are a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are specifically designed to selectively inhibit the COX-2 enzyme. This selective inhibition is what distinguishes them from traditional NSAIDs, which inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

The COX-1 enzyme is typically involved in protecting the gastric mucosa, promoting platelet aggregation, and maintaining kidney function. In contrast, COX-2 is more associated with inflammation and pain signaling. By selectively targeting COX-2, Coxibs aim to reduce the inflammatory response and pain while minimizing some of the gastrointestinal side effects commonly associated with traditional NSAIDs, which can irritate the stomach lining due to COX-1 inhibition.

This selective mechanism is particularly advantageous for patients who require pain relief without the added risk of gastrointestinal complications. Thus, the distinctive feature of Coxibs is their targeted action on the COX-2 enzyme, leading to pain relief with potentially fewer gastrointestinal risks than traditional NSAIDs that inhibit both enzymes.