What outcome is most frequently observed with prolonged topical steroid therapy?

Prolonged topical steroid therapy is most frequently associated with increased intraocular pressure (IOP). This occurs because corticosteroids can influence the dynamics of aqueous humor production and drainage in the eye. In particular, they can lead to reduced outflow facility, contributing to elevated IOP which, in some patients, can result in steroid-induced glaucoma.

Regular monitoring of IOP is crucial when prescribing long-term topical steroids, especially for patients with pre-existing risk factors for glaucoma. While corticosteroids can have various effects on ocular conditions, their prominent and well-documented side effect with chronic use is the potential to raise intraocular pressure, necessitating a careful assessment of benefits versus risks in treatment plans.