Which antibiotic class includes Trimethoprim?

Trimethoprim is classified as a folate synthesis inhibitor. It works by specifically inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme crucial in the bacterial folate synthesis pathway. This action ultimately disrupts the production of nucleic acids and amino acids necessary for bacterial growth and replication.

Folate is essential for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and certain amino acids, making its pathways important targets in antimicrobial therapy. Trimethoprim is often used in combination with sulfonamides, which also target the folate synthesis pathway at a different point, leading to a synergistic effect against bacterial infections.

Understanding the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim helps in comprehending its use in treating various bacterial infections and the rationale behind combining it with other antibiotics that affect related pathways.