Which diuretic is characterized as a thiazide diuretic and serves as an antihypertensive?

The correct choice of hydrochlorothiazide is well-founded as it is classified as a thiazide diuretic. Thiazide diuretics are commonly utilized in the management of hypertension due to their effectiveness in reducing blood pressure by promoting sodium and water excretion through their action on the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. This leads to a decrease in blood volume and consequently lowers systemic vascular resistance, which aids in controlling high blood pressure.

Hydrochlorothiazide specifically is frequently prescribed not only for its diuretic effects but also for its antihypertensive capabilities, making it a first-line treatment in many cases of mild to moderate hypertension. This dual functionality highlights its importance in patient management, particularly those needing both fluid management and blood pressure control.

Other options presented do not fit this classification. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, primarily used for its effects on potassium retention and its ability to antagonize aldosterone; it is less commonly used as a first-line antihypertensive. Triamterene, also a potassium-sparing diuretic, works differently than thiazides and has limited antihypertensive effects when used alone. Furosemide is a loop diuretic