Which of the following statements best describes the action of antifungals like Fluconazole and Ketoconazole?

Antifungals such as Fluconazole and Ketoconazole primarily function by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. Ergosterol plays a crucial role similar to cholesterol in animal cells, providing structural integrity and fluidity to the membrane. By targeting the enzymes involved in the synthesis of ergosterol, these antifungals disrupt the membrane integrity of fungal cells, leading to cell lysis and ultimately, the death of the fungi. This mechanism of action is particularly effective against a wide range of fungi, making these medications the mainstay in treating various fungal infections.

The other options do not reflect the action of these specific antifungals. For instance, the reference to inhibiting viral synthesis pertains to antiretroviral agents rather than antifungals. Disruption of cholesterol metabolism is more relevant to treatments targeting conditions like hyperlipidemia rather than fungal infections. Lastly, enhancing cell wall integrity is not a mechanism of action for antifungals, as fungi do not possess a cell wall structure akin to that of bacteria; instead, their membrane integrity depends significantly on ergosterol.